Choosing between machining processes starts with the part you need to make. Browse the comparisons below for guidance on part geometry, finishing requirements, and production costs.
- Start with the features on your drawing when comparing cutting processes.
- Check the finished surface requirements when comparing finishing methods.
- Open each comparison for application limits and questions to discuss with suppliers.
Machining Processes at a Glance
| Process | How It Works | Typical Features or Uses |
|---|---|---|
| CNC Turning | A cutting tool feeds into a rotating workpiece. | Diameters, tapers, shoulders, and threads |
| CNC Milling | A rotating cutter removes material along a programmed path. | Pockets, slots, flats, and contours |
| Hard Turning | A turning tool cuts a hardened workpiece. | Finishing diameters and faces on hardened steel parts |
| Grinding — Centerless | A work rest blade supports the part between a grinding wheel and a regulating wheel. | External cylindrical surfaces; throughfeed or infeed depending on geometry |
| Grinding — Conventional Cylindrical | The part is typically held between centers or in a chuck or collet. | Diameters, shoulders, and tapers referenced to a defined workpiece axis |
Hard turning is a form of turning. The two grinding methods shown here differ mainly in how the workpiece is supported. They are listed separately to match the comparison guides below.
Browse Machining Process Comparisons
CNC Turning vs CNC Milling
Deciding how to machine a shaft, bracket, or part with both round and flat features? Explore the differences in cutting motion and typical applications, when both processes are needed, and what affects accuracy and the quoted price.
Hard Turning vs Grinding
Considering a change to the finishing process for a hardened steel part? Review the conditions for replacing grinding with hard turning, the differences between roughness and surface integrity, and when combining the two processes makes sense.
Centerless Grinding vs Cylindrical Grinding
Compare how centerless and conventional cylindrical grinding support the workpiece, and what that means for part geometry, datum relationships, and production volume. Review throughfeed and infeed options, accuracy checks, and the information to prepare when discussing equipment with a manufacturer.
